Transaction Management
Transaction management refers to the process of ensuring the consistency and integrity of data in a database during operations that involve multiple steps or entities. In a database context, a transaction typically involves a series of actions that must be performed as a single unit. These actions might include inserting, updating, or deleting data from the database.This property ensures that either all the operations within a transaction are completed successfully and the transaction is committed, or none of the operations are performed and the transaction is rolled back to its initial state. In other words, a transaction is an all-or-nothing proposition.This property ensures that the database remains in a consistent state before and after the execution of a transaction. The integrity constraints, such as foreign key constraints and unique constraints, are maintained throughout the transaction.Transaction management is typically handled by the DBMS, which provides mechanisms to begin, commit, or rollback transactions, as well as mechanisms for concurrency control to manage access to data by multiple transactions simultaneously. Techniques such as locking, multiversion concurrency control, and optimistic concurrency control are used to ensure isolation and consistency while allowing for concurrent transaction execution.
Why do you need it?
Transactions typically go through different states during their lifecycle, such as active, partially committed, committed, and aborted. Proper management of these states is essential for ensuring data consistency and system reliability. Transaction management is a fundamental concept in database systems and plays a crucial role in ensuring data integrity, consistency, and reliability in various software applications and systems.Managing transactions in a multi-user environment requires concurrency control mechanisms to ensure that transactions execute correctly and consistently, even when multiple transactions are accessing and modifying the same data concurrently. Techniques such as locking, optimistic concurrency control, and multi-version concurrency control are commonly used to achieve this.
